The Walsworth Group

Contributions to Books, Magazines and Monographs


Towards Posture-Dependent Human Pulmonary Oxygen Mapping using Hyperpolarized Helium and pdf icon
an Open-Access MRI System
R.W. Mair, L.L. Tsai, C-H. Li, M.J. Barlow, R. Scheidegger, M.S. Rosen, S. Patz and R. L. Walsworth,
in "Magnetic Resonance Microscopy: Proc. 2007 International Conference on Magnetic Resonance Microscopy",
(Wiley, New York, 2008).

Tests of Lorentz Symmetry in the Spin-Coupling Sector pdf icon
R.L. Walsworth,
in "Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Physics" 702, 493-505 (2006).

Collisions give sense of direction pdf icon
R.E. Stoner and R. L. Walsworth,
Nature Physics, 2, 17-18 (January 2006)

A Novel Absorption Resonance for Atomic Clocks pdf icon
D.F. Phillips, I. Novikova, S. Zibrov, C. Smallwood, A.V. Taichenachev, V.I. Yudin, R.L. Walsworth, and A.S. Zibrov
in "Proc. 2005 Joint IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Systems and Applications Meeting",
(IEEE, New York, 2005), p. 767.

Tests of CPT and Lorentz Symmetry using Hydrogen and Noble-Gas Masers
R.L. Walsworth,
in "Third Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry", edited by V.A. Kostelecky
(World Scientific, Singapore, 2004).

The Maser at 50 pdf icon
R. L. Walsworth,
Science, 306, 236 (October 8, 2004).

Balancing atoms probe fundamental symmetries
R.E. Stoner and R.L. Walsworth,
Physics World, March, 2003, http://physicsweb.org/article/world/16/3/4

Toward Manipulating Quantum Information Using Atomic Ensembles pdf icon
M.D. Lukin, A. Andre, M.A. Eisaman, M. Hohensee, D.F. Phillips, C.H. van der Wal, R.L. Walsworth, A.S. Zibrov,
in "Proc. Eighteenth International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP)" edited by H.R. Sadeghpour, E.J. Heller, and D.E. Pritchard (Cambridge, MA, 2002), p. 231.

The Real Story Behind Stopping Light pdf icon (Large File - 2.4 MB!)
R. Walsworth, S. Yelin, and M. Lukin,
Optics and Photonics News 13(5), 50 (May, 2002).

Tests of CPT and Lorentz Symmetry using Hydrogen and Noble-Gas Masers
R.L. Walsworth,
in "Second Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry", edited by V.A. Kostelecky (World Scientific, Singapore, 2002).

New clock-comparison searches for Lorentz and CPT violation pdf icon
R.L. Walsworth, D. Bear, M.A. Humphrey, E.M. Mattison, D.F. Phillips, R.E. Stoner, and R.F.C. Vessot,
in "Symmetries in Subatomic Physics, 3rd International Symposium", edited by X.-H. Guo, A.W. Thomas, and A.G. Williams (AIP, New York, 2000), p. 119, physics/0007063.

Testing Local Lorentz Invariance with Zeeman Masers
R.E. Stoner,
in "CPT and Lorentz Symmetry", edited by V.A. Kostelecky (World Scientific, Singapore, 1999), p. 201.

Precision measurements with new hydrogen, rubidium, and noble gas masers
R.L. Walsworth, E.M. Mattison, R.E. Stoner, K.Y.N. Tan, R.F.C. Vessot, and I.A. Yu,
in "Symposium on Frequency Standards and Metrology", edited by J. Bergquist (World Scientific, Singapore, 1996), p. 187.

The cold hydrogen maser
R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, R.L. Walsworth, and I.F. Silvera,
in "Frequency Standards and Metrology, Proc. 4th Symposium", edited by A. De Marchi (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989), p. 88.


Invited Conference Presentations


Use of hyperpolarized noble gas MRI to study human lung function
R.W. Mair,
Norwegian National NMR Conference, Oppdal, Norway, January 16-18, 2008.

Improving 3He polarization for human lung imaging in subjects in horizontal and vertical orientations
R.W. Mair,
9th International Conference on Magnetic Resonance Microscopy, Aachen, Germany, September 3-7, 2007

Human lung imaging in supine versus upright positions with a 6.5 mT open-access 3He MRI system: Initial results
L.L. Tsai, R.W. Mair, M.S. Rosen, S. Patz and R.L. Walsworth,
2006 International Workshop on Functional Lung Imaging, Philadelphia, PA, September 14-16, 2006

Experimental tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry
R.L. Walsworth,
3rd International Symposium on Quantum Theory and Symmetries, Cincinnati, OH, September, 2003

Development of a Human-Scale Open-Access MRI System for Orientational Lung Study
R.W. Mair,
Hyperpolarized Gas Study Session, Eleventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, Canada, July 2003

Clock Comparison Searches for Lorentz and CPT Violation with Atomic Masers
D.F. Phillips,
April Meeting of the American Physical Society, Philadelphia, PA, April 2003

Development of an Open-Geometry Human-Scale Low-Field MRI System
R.L. Walsworth, F.W. Hersman, I. Ruset, S. Patz, M.I. Hrovat, R.W. Mair, M.S. Rosen, L.L. Tsai,
NASA Bioastronautics Investigators' Workshop, Galveston, TX, January, 2003

Tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry using noble gas masers
R.L. Walsworth,
International Workshop on Polarized 3He Beams and Gas Targets and Their Applications, Oppenheim, Germany, September 2002

Storing or "stopping" light pulses in atomic ensembles using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)
R.L. Walsworth,
Eighteenth International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP), Cambridge, MA, July, 2002

Update on the Walsworth/Lukin "Stored Light" Collaboration at Harvard
R.L. Walsworth,
KITP Miniprogram on Quantum Optics, Santa Barbara, CA, July 8-26, 2002
Slides of this presentation are available here

Tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry using hydrogen and noble gas masers
R.L. Walsworth,
Joint Session of the Annual Meetings of the Division of Particle and Fields (DPF) and the Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics (DAMOP) of the American Physical Society, Williamsburg, VA, May, 2002

The Real Story Behind Stopping Light
R.L. Walsworth,
Ohio Section Spring Meeting of the American Physical Society, Youngstown, OH, April, 2002

Applications of Laser-Polarized Noble Gases to NMR studies of Complex Media
R.W. Mair and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. 4th Australian and New Zealand Magnetic Resonance Society Conference, Taupo, New Zealand, February 2002

Novel MRI Applications of Laser-Polarized Noble Gases
R.W. Mair and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. Sixth Conference on Magnetic Resonance Microscopy, Nottingham, UK, September 2001

Basic and Material Science Applications of Hyperpolarized Gases
R.L. Walsworth,
ISMRM Workshop on Limits of Detection in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Berkeley, CA, June 2001

Multidisciplinary applications of laser-polarized noble gas magnetic resonance
R.L. Walsworth,
2001 Winter Meeting on the Physics of Quantum Electronics, Snowbird, UT, January, 2001.

Tortuosity measurement and the effects of finite pulse widths on xenon gas diffusion NMR studies of porous media
R.W. Mair, M.D. Hürlimann, L.M. Schwartz, P.N. Sen, S. Patz and R.L. Walsworth,
5th International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Bologna, Italy, October 2000

Multidisciplinary applications of laser-polarized noble gas magnetic resonance
R.L. Walsworth,
2000 IEEE/EIA International Frequency Control Symposium, Kansas City, MO, June 2000

New clock comparison tests of Lorentz symmetry pdf icon
R.L. Walsworth and D.F. Phillips,
International Conference on Orbis Scientiae 1999: Quantum Gravity, Generalized Theory of Gravitation, and Superstring Theory Based Unification (28th Conference on High Energy Physics and Cosmology Since 1964), Fort Launderdale, FL, Dec 1999 physics/0007062

Applications of hyperpolarized noble gas NMR in materials science and condensed matter physics
R.L. Walsworth,
66th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Section of the American Physical Society, Chapel Hill, NC, November 1999

Low-field MRI and functional lung imaging using laser polarized noble gases
R.L. Walsworth,
Centennial Meeting of the American Physical Society, Division of Biological Physics, Atlanta, GA, March 1999

New applications of laser-polarized noble gas NMR
R.L. Walsworth,
40th Experimental Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Conference (ENC), Orlando, FL, March 1999

Multidisciplinary applications of laser-polarized noble gas NMR
R.L. Walsworth,
Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics (DAMOP), Santa Fe, NM, May 1998

Multidisciplinary investigations with laser-polarized gases
R.L. Walsworth,
Atomic Physics Gordon Research Conference, Henniker, NH, July 1997

Searching for a permanent electric dipole moment of 129Xenon with a dual noble gas maser
R.L. Walsworth,
Symposium on the 25th Anniversary of the NIST/NBS Precision Measurement Grant Program, April Meeting of the American Physical Society, Washington, D.C., April 1995.

The cryogenic hydrogen maser: projected performance and recent progress toward spaceborne applications
R.L. Walsworth,
21st Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting, U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C., December 1989.

Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Published Conference Papers


Strategies and New Technologies for Improved Production of Hyperpolarized 3He and 129Xe
D. Chonde, W. Barros, C-H. Li, M. S. Rosen, M. J. Barlow, R. W. Mair and R. L. Walsworth
Proc. Ninth International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Cambridge, MA, July 2008.

MRI with Hyperpolarized 3He and 129Xe at Very-Low-Field
R. W. Mair, W. Barros, R. Scheidegger, D. Chonde, M. S. Rosen and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Ninth International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Cambridge, MA, July 2008.

Pulmonary Oxygen Mapping with 3He MRI at Very-Low-Field
R. W. Mair, R. N. Scheidegger, L. L. Tsai, M. S. Rosen and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Sixteenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, Canada, 2008, p. 1770.

Posture Dependent Effects on Human Pulmonary Oxygen Partial Pressure
R. N. Scheidegger, D. Chonde, L. L. Tsai, M. S. Rosen, S. Patz, R. W. Mair and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Sixteenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, Canada, 2008, p. 2661.

Human lung imaging in supine versus upright positions with a 6.5 mT open-access 3He MRI system: Initial results
L. L. Tsai, R. W. Mair, M. S. Rosen, S. Patz and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Fifteenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2007, p. 943.

Mapping Human Pulmonary Oxygen Partial Pressure in Supine and Vertical Orientations: Initial Results
L. L. Tsai, R. W. Mair, A. Batrachenko, R. Scheidegger, M. S. Rosen, and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Fifteenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2007, p. 2776.

NMR Measurement of Gas-Phase Dynamics in a Gas-Fluidized Particle Bed using Laser-Polarized Xenon NMR pdf icon
R. W. Mair, M. S. Rosen, M. J. Barlow, D. Candela and R. L. Walsworth,
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 25, 572 (2007).

Improved Noble Gas Polarization Production for Porous and Granular Media Studies using Narrowed-Line pdf icon
VBG Laser Sources
R. W. Mair, M. J. Barlow, M. S. Rosen and R. L. Walsworth,
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 25, 549 (2007).

NMR Measurement of Gas-Phase Dynamics in a Gas-Fluidized Particle Bed using Laser-Polarized Xenon NMR
R. W. Mair, M. S. Rosen, M. J. Barlow, D. Candela and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Eighth International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Bologna, Italy, September 2006.

Improved Noble Gas Polarization Production for Porous and Granular Media Studies using Narrowed-Line VBG Laser Sources
R. W. Mair, M. J. Barlow, M. S. Rosen and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Eighth International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Bologna, Italy, September 2006.

Design and Construction of an Optimized Open-Access Human-Scale MRI Magnet for Posture Dependent Lung Studies
L. L. Tsai, M. S. Rosen, R. W. Mair and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Fourteenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Seattle, WA, 2006, p. 1380.

Study of Gas-Fluidization Dynamics with Laser-Polarized 129Xe
R. Wang, M. S. Rosen, D. Candela, R. W. Mair and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Seventh International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Paris, France, July 2004.

Xenon NMR Measurements of Permeability and Tortuosity in Reservoir Rocks
R. Wang, T. Pavlin, M. S. Rosen, R. W. Mair, D. G. Cory and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Seventh International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Paris, France, July 2004.

Design of an optimized open-access human-scale MRI magnet for orientational lung study
M. S. Rosen, L. L. Tsai, R. W. Mair and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Twelfth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, 2004, p. 749.

Initial Orientational Lung Imaging in an Open-Access Human-Scale Low-Field MRI System
R. W. Mair, M. I. Hrovat, S. Patz, M. S. Rosen, I. Ruset, G. P. Topulos, L. L. Tsai, F. W. Hersman and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Twelfth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, 2004, p. 859.

Importance of Susceptibility Effects in the Determination of Fractional Regional Blood Volume (fRBV)
T. Pavlin, G. P. Topulos, J. P. Butler, R. W. Mair, R. L. Walsworth and S. Patz,
Proc. Twelfth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, 2004, p. 2183.

Design and Testing an Open, Human MRI system for Orientational Lung Study
F. W. Hersman, M. I. Hrovat, R. W. Mair, I. Muradyan, S. Patz, M. S. Rosen, I. Ruset, L. L. Tsai and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Eleventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, Canada, 2003, p. 750.

Velocity Imaging and Spectroscopy of Xenon Gas Flow
R. W. Mair, R. Wang, M. S. Rosen, D. G. Cory, R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Eleventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, Canada, 2003, p. 1678.

Signal Correction for Narrow-Bandwidth Coils
M. I. Hrovat, F. W. Hersman, R. W. Mair, S. Patz, R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Eleventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Toronto, Canada, 2003, p. 1053.

Applications of Controlled-Flow Laser-Polarized Xe Gas to Porous and Granular Media Study
R. W. Mair, R. Wang, M. S. Rosen, D. Candela, D. G. Cory and R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Sixth International Meeting on Recent Advances in MR Applications to Porous Media, Ulm, Germany, September 2002.

Design and Construction of an Open Human-Scale Low-Field Imaging System
F. W. Hersman, I. Ruset, S. Patz, M. I. Hrovat, R. W. Mair, M. S. Rosen, R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Tenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Honolulu, HI, 2002, p. 836.

Accurate Quantification of Fractional Blood Volume in Lung Tissue
G. P. Topulos, S. Patz, J. P. Butler, L. L. Tsai, R. W. Mair, M. S. Rosen, R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Tenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Honolulu, HI, 2002, p. 1983.

Narrow Pulse Effects and Tortuosity Studies in Porous Media using Xenon Diffusion NMR
R. W. Mair, P. N. Sen, M. D. Hurlimann, S. Patz, D. G. Cory, R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Tenth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Honolulu, HI, 2002, p. 2007.

Using 129Xe Gas Exchange Measurements to Determine Surface Area to Volume Ratios in Porous Media
R. W. Mair, S. Patz, J. P. Butler, D. Hoffmann, G. P. Topulos, R. L. Walsworth,
Proc. Eighth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Denver, CO, 2000, p. 2190.

Low Field MRI of Laser Polarized Noble Gas
R. Walsworth, G. Wong, C-H. Tseng, V. Pomeroy, R. Mair, D. Hinton, D. Hoffmann, R. Stoner, F.W. Hersman, and D. Cory,
European Radiology 9, B4 (1999).

Time-Dependent Noble Gas Diffusion NMR in Porous Media and Implications for Lung Study
R.L. Walsworth, R.W. Mair, G.P. Wong, D. Hoffmann, S. Patz, M.D. Hurlimann, and L.M. Schwartz,
European Radiology 9, B23 (1999).

Measurement of Surface Area to Volume Ratio With 129Xe NMR
J.P. Butler, S. Patz, D. Hoffmann, R.W. Mair, G.P. Topulos, and R.L. Walsworth,
European Radiology 9, B24 (1999).

Biomedical Applications of Low Field MRI in Microgravity
J.P. Butler and R.L. Walsworth,
European Radiology 9, B30 (1999).

Measurement of Surface Area to Volume Ratio with 129Xe Exchange
J.P. Butler, S. Patz, D. Hoffmann, R.W. Mair, G.P. Topulos, R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. Seventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 1999, p. 317.

Time-Dependent Noble Gas Diffusion NMR in Porous Media and Implications for Lung Study
R.W. Mair, G.P. Wong, D. Hoffmann, S. Patz, M.D. Hurlimann, L.M Schwartz, R. L.Walsworth,
Proc. Seventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 1999, p. 1799.

Low Field MR Imaging of Laser-Polarized Noble Gas
G. Wong, C-H. Tseng, V. Pomeroy, R. Mair, D. Hinton, D. Hoffmann, R. Stoner, F.W. Hersman, D. Cory, and R. Walsworth,
Proc. Seventh Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 1999, p. 2089.

Multiple echo techniques for hyperpolarized noble gas MRI
L. Zhao, R. Mulkern, C.-H. Tseng, D. Williamson, K. Oshio, H. Gubbjartsson, R.L. Walsworth, F.A. Jolesz, and M.S. Albert,
Proc. Fifth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Vancouver, Canada, 1997, p. 305.

Optimization of RF pulses for hyperpolarized noble gas MRI: the variable flip angle approach
L. Zhao, R. Mulkern, C.-H. Tseng, D. Williamson, S. Patz, R. Kraft, R.L. Walsworth, F.A. Jolesz, and M.S. Albert,
Proc. Fifth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Vancouver, Canada, 1997, p. 2106.

Projection-reconstruction imaging with hyperpolarized 129Xe
D.F. Kacher, K. Shimizu, R.L. Walsworth, F.A. Jolesz, and M.S. Albert,
Proc. Fifth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Vancouver, Canada, 1997, p. 2112.

Demonstration of Hyperpolarized 129Xe MR Imaging (HypX-MRI) of the Human Oral Cavity
M.S. Albert, C.H. Tseng, D. Williamson, E. Oteiza, R. Walsworth, B. Kraft, D. Kacher, B.L. Holman and F.A. Jolesz,
Proc. Fourth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, New York, NY, 1996, p. 1356.

Hyperpolarized 129Xe Lifetimes in Blood
M.S. Albert, D. Balamore, K. Sakai, D. Kacher, R.L. Walsworth, E. Oteiza and F.A. Jolesz,
Proc. Fourth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, New York, NY, 1996, p. 1357.

Temporal Dynamics of Hyperpolarized 129Xe Resonances in Living Rats
K. Sakai, A.M. Bilek, C.-H. Tseng, D. Balamore, R.L. Walsworth, E. Oteiza, F.A. Jolesz and M.S. Albert,
Proc. Fourth Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, New York, NY, 1996, p. 1359.

Calculation of Spin-Exchange Polarized 129Xe Uptake in Tissue for MR Applications
S. Peled, F.A. Jolesz, M.S. Albert and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. Third Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 1995, p. 1192.

Recent investigations with the Harvard-Smithsonian cryogenic hydrogen maser
R.L. Walsworth, E.M. Mattison, R.F.C. Vessot, and I.F. Silvera,
Proc. 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 1993), p. 129.

Design of a hydrogen maser for space and progress on cryogenic hydrogen maser research
R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, G.U. Nystrom, L.M. Coyle, R.L. Walsworth, R. Nicoll, D. Graveline, and R. Decher,
Proc. 7th European Frequency and Time Forum (FSRM, Neuchatel, Switzerland, 1993), p. 707.

Status of local oscillators for operating ultra-high resolution frequency discriminators as frequency standards
R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, M.W. Levine, and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. 24th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting (U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C., 1993), p. 209.

The cryogenic hydrogen maser: projected performance and recent progress toward spaceborne applications
R.L. Walsworth, I.F. Silvera, R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, and M.L. Dingus,
Proc. 21st Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting (U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C., 1990), p. 359.

Future prospects for the cold hydrogen maser
R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, R.L. Walsworth, I.F. Silvera, and M.L. Dingus,
Proc. 4th European Frequency and Time Forum (FSRM, Neuchatel, Switzerland, 1990), p. 277.

Cryogenic hydrogen maser clock for use in space
E.M. Mattison, R.F.C. Vessot, and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. 6th Oregon Conference on Low Temperature Physics, edited by R.J. Donnelly (University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 1989), p. 28.

Results of two years of hydrogen maser clock operation at the U.S. Naval Observatory and ongoing research at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, W.J. Klepczynski, I.F. Silvera, H.P. Godfried, and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. 17th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting (U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C., 1985), p. 413.

Present clock stability and realistic prospects for the future
R.F.C. Vessot, E.M. Mattison, W.J. Klepczynski, G.M.R. Winkler, I.F. Silvera, H.P. Godfried, and R.L. Walsworth,
Proc. 4th Marcel Grossman Meeting on General Relativity, edited by R. Ruffini (Rome, Italy, 1985), p. 477.