M. P. C.  24 597                                     1995 FEB. 15 
                                                                             
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The MINOR PLANET CIRCULARS/MINOR PLANETS AND COMETS are published, on behalf 
of Commission 20 of the International Astronomical Union, usually in batches 
on the date of each full moon, by:                                           
                   Minor Planet Center                                       
                   Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory                     
                   Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.                               
         Telephone  617-495-7244/7440/7444 (for emergency use only)          
           TWX  710-320-6842 ASTROGRAM CAM     EASYLINK  62794505            
   MARSDEN@CFA.BITNET or .SPAN    BRIAN@CFAPS1.SPAN    GARETH@CFAPS1.SPAN    
Brian G. Marsden, Director            Gareth V. Williams, Associate Director 
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EDITORIAL NOTICE.                                                            
                                                                             
It has been traditional to refrain from supplying in these {\it Circulars}   
information about the accuracy of the orbital elements provided---and thus   
of the ephemerides computed from them.  Over the decades there has           
developed the presumption that the orbital elements of numbered minor        
planets are generally in good shape, that other multiple-opposition objects  
require further observations before they can acquire such status, and that   
orbits based on observations covering four days or less are scarcely worth   
the paper on which they are printed.  There has been a tendency to suppose   
that astute readers can judge orbital reliability for themselves by          
inspecting the residuals, considering not only size and possible systematic  
effects, but also the extent and distribution of the observations used.      
Fueled by suggestions that orbital accuracy should be indicated in a more    
quantitative manner (e.g., Muinonen and Bowell 1993, {\it Icarus}            
{\bf 104}, 255), the Minor Planet Center is introducing in this batch of     
{\it Circulars} an ``uncertainty number'' $U$.  This quantity, measured      
on a logarithmic scale, is related to the possible in-orbit longitudinal     
runoff with time and is represented by an integer from 0 (for a superbly     
precise computation) to 9 (where the uncertainty can cover the whole sky).   
Since a weak distribution of observations in a short-arc orbit and/or the    
assumption of prescribed values for one or more of the orbital elements can  
compromise the determination of $U$, we do not intend to publish $U$ numbers 
for unperturbed orbit solutions, and it will not be given for comets because 
of the largely unpredictable nature of nongravitational effects.             
                                                                             
The $U$ values in this batch of {\it Circulars} range from 0 to 7.  Among    
the requirements for a new numbering of a minor planet is that $U \le 2$.    
Small-to-moderate-field CCD observers wishing to record an unnumbered minor  
planet at a {\it subsequent} opposition should probably only consider orbits 
having $U \le 4$.  Orbit computers who require details on the computation    
of $U$ should contact the Minor Planet Center.                               
                                                                             
The last publication of ``one-night stands'', referring to ninor planets     
observed only on single nights during the first half of 1992, appeared on    
{\it MPC} 22366--22381.  Since single-night observations made subsequently   
are maintained in the Minor Planet Center's files, are used in the checking  
processes, and are published when identifications with known objects are     
found, it has been decided, in the interest of efficiency, no longer to      
designate and publish them {\it en masse} in this manner.  This decision     
also applies to one-night stands observed prior to mid-1992.                 
                                                                             
                                                                             
                            *    *    *    *    *                            
                                                                             
ERRATA.                                                                      
                                                                             
MPC    Line                                                                  
24134    3        For  Malsutov  read  Maksutov                              
24251  -13        For  Malsutov  read  Maksutov                              
24421  - 1        For  24310  read  24410                                    
24422  - 7        For  Malsutov  read  Maksutov                              
                                                                             
                            *    *    *    *    *                            
                                                                             
CORRECTED OBSERVATIONS.                                                      
                                                                             
     The following observations correct those previously published.          
                                                                             
Object      Date    UT          R. A.  (2000)  Decl.   Reference Mag.  N Obs.
1983 RB2    1993 04 16.48568  12 13 09.89 +04 26 43.9  MPC 23379 17.5     413
1989 ST5    1989 11 02.26337  00 50 27.57 -01 41 17.3  MPC 15626       3  675
1989 ST5    1989 11 05.17326  00 49 14.12 -01 49 48.5  MPC 15626       2  675
1991 CM5    1991 01 18.38889  08 33 38.44 +15 32 03.0  MPC 20569       4  675
1991 CM5    1991 01 18.42291  08 33 36.05 +15 32 45.1  MPC 20569       4  675
Note 1: time changed slightly.  2: 1989 ST5 = (5928).  3 = 1 + 2.            
   4: 1991 CM5 = (5967).                                                     
                                                                             
                            *    *    *    *    *                            
                                                                             
IDENTIFICATION CHANGES.                                                      
                                                                             
     Continuation to MPC 24252.                                              
                                                                             
Object      Date    UT          R. A.  (2000)  Decl.  Old desig. Mag.  N Obs.
1931 BR   * 1931 01 26.43191  08 57 20.08 +26 38 58.4  1931 AG1           754
1987 SJ30 * 1987 09 22.90807  23 35 37.31 -12 47 28.6  1987 QA9  15.5     095
1991 DS2  * 1991 02 20.66561  10 12 09.59 +12 05 26.4  1991 CT2  17       898
1991 DS2    1991 02 20.68728  10 12 08.11 +12 05 38.2  1991 CT2           898
1993 HW7  * 1993 04 16.48568  12 19 52.62 +06 13 53.8  1993 FQ13 19.8     413
                                                                             
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NUMBERING OF PERIODIC COMET.                                                 
                                                                             
     Continuation to the list on MPC 24422.                                  
                                                                             
 117P/1989 T2 (Helin-Roman-Alu 1)                                            
                                                                             
                            *    *    *    *    *                            
                                                                             
OBSERVATIONS OF COMETS.                                                      
                                                                             
     Observations are published here for the following observatory codes:    
                                                                             
046  Kle\v t.  0.57-m reflector + CCD and 0.63-m Maksutov telescope.         
     Observers J. Tich\'a, Z. Moravec and M. Tich\'y.                        
104  San Marcello Pistoiese.  0.40-m reflector + CCD.  Observers L. Tesi     
     and A. Boattini.                                                        
108  Montelupo.  0.20-m f/10 reflector + CCD.  Observers S. Bartolini        
     and M. Tombelli.                                                        

MPC